顯示具有 tools - mail 標籤的文章。 顯示所有文章
顯示具有 tools - mail 標籤的文章。 顯示所有文章

2017年7月8日 星期六

How to send a html email with the bash command "mail"/“sendmail”?


有時我們會需要透過Linux發送一些report mail,這時候我們就可以用mail這個指令
brook@vista:~/kernel$ ls | txt2html| mail --debug-level=7 -s 'show kernel floder' rene3210@gmail.com
mail: sendmail (/usr/sbin/sendmailn
mail: Getting auth info for UID 1003
mail: source=system, name=brook, passwd=x, uid=1003, gid=1000, gecos=,,,, dir=/home/brook, shell=/bin/bash, mailbox=/var/mail/brook, quota=0, change_uid=1
mail: Getting auth info for UID 1003
mail: source=system, name=brook, passwd=x, uid=1003, gid=1000, gecos=,,,, dir=/home/brook, shell=/bin/bash, mailbox=/var/mail/brook, quota=0, change_uid=1
mail: mu_mailer_send_message(): using From: brook@vista
mail: Sending headers...
mail: Sending body...
mail: /usr/sbin/sendmail exited with: 0
mail:

上面這個指令會送出raw data,mail看到的也是顯示一些HTML內容,如
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<title></title>
<meta name="generator" content="HTML::TextToHTML v2.51"/>
</head>
<body>
<p>AndroidKernel.mk<br/>
<strong>COPYING</strong><br/>
<strong>CREDITS</strong><br/>
Documentation<br/>
Kbuild<br/>
Kconfig<br/>
<strong>MAINTAINERS</strong><br/>
Makefile<br/>
<strong>README</strong><br/>
<strong>REPORTING-BUGS</strong><br/>
android<br/>
arch<br/>
block<br/>
crypto<br/>
drivers<br/>
firmware<br/>
fs<br/>
include<br/>
init<br/>
ipc<br/>
kernel<br/>
lib<br/>
linaro<br/>
mm<br/>
net<br/>
samples<br/>
scripts<br/>
security<br/>
sound<br/>
tools<br/>
usr<br/>
virt</p>

</body>
</html>

如果我們要支援"Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME)"只要在subject後面接上"\nContent-Type: text/html"即可
brook@vista:~/kernel$ ls | txt2html| mail --debug-level=7 -s "$(echo -e "show kernel floder\nContent-Type: text/html")" rene3210@gmail.com

也可以用"sendmail"指令來傳送mail
(
echo "From: ${from}";
echo "To: ${to}";
echo "Subject: ${subject}";
echo "Content-Type: text/html";
echo "MIME-Version: 1.0";
echo "";
echo "${message}";
) | sendmail -t

(message=`ls| txt2html`
echo "From: rene3210@gmail.com;"
echo "To: rene3210@gmail.com,rene3210@gov.tw;"
echo "Subject: Quota"
echo "Content-Type: text/html;"
echo "MIME-Version: 1.0;"
echo "${message}";
echo -e"\n\n"
) |sendmail -t


參考資料: How to send a html email with the bash command “sendmail”?



2015年5月2日 星期六

Sendmail之SMART_HOST設定


話說Sendmail是大學時候看過的東西,對它還真是越來越陌生。

Smart Host是一種email message transfer agent,簡單來說就是一台中繼的Mail Server,凡是User要送出的信,並不會直接送給收件者的Mail Server,而是先送到該中繼點,再由Smart Host送給收件者的Mail Server,如下圖所示。


透過 sendmail 的sendmail.mc 設定,讓外寄的信都轉送到該SMART HOST(我的SMART HOST是1.1.1.3),為了避免外寄來的信都轉給該主機的User,必須加上FEATURE(stickyhost)。
所以請將以下兩行加入/etc/mail/sendmail.mc 中,建議用copy and paste,避免符號寫錯。
...
FEATURE(stickyhost)
define(`SMART_HOST', `relay.dnsexit.com') 
...

接著執行更新
# m4 sendmail.mc > sendmail.cf
# /etc/init.d/sendmail restart




接著利用mail這個指令,與/var/log/mail.log進行check與deubg。
brook@vista:~$ mail --debug-line-info --debug-level=30 rene3210@gmail.com -s "brook"
Cc:
in
sendmail.c:112: sendmail (/usr/sbin/sendmailn
mu_auth.c:255: Getting auth info for UID 1000
mu_auth.c:195: Trying generic...
mu_auth.c:198: generic yields 38=Function not implemented
mu_auth.c:195: Trying system...
mu_auth.c:198: system yields 0=Success
mu_auth.c:206: source=system, name=brook, passwd=x, uid=1000, gid=1000, gecos=BROOK,,,, dir=/home/brook, shell=/bin/bash, mailbox=/var/mail/brook, quota=0, change_uid=1
mu_auth.c:255: Getting auth info for UID 1000
mu_auth.c:195: Trying generic...
mu_auth.c:198: generic yields 38=Function not implemented
mu_auth.c:195: Trying system...
mu_auth.c:198: system yields 0=Success
mu_auth.c:206: source=system, name=brook, passwd=x, uid=1000, gid=1000, gecos=BROOK,,,, dir=/home/brook, shell=/bin/bash, mailbox=/var/mail/brook, quota=0, change_uid=1
mailer.c:454: mu_mailer_send_message(): using From: brook@vista
progmailer.c:188: Sending headers...
progmailer.c:221: Sending body...
progmailer.c:269: /usr/sbin/sendmail exited with: 0

brook@vista:~$ tail -f /var/log/mail.log
May  2 21:35:44 vista sendmail[383]: My unqualified host name (vista) unknown; sleeping for retry
May  2 21:36:44 vista sendmail[383]: unable to qualify my own domain name (vista) -- using short name
May  2 21:36:44 vista sendmail[383]: t42DaiZa000383: from=brook@vista, size=85, class=0, nrcpts=1, msgid=<201505021336.t42DaiZa000383@vista>, relay=brook@localhost
May  2 21:36:44 vista sm-mta[388]: t42DaiNp000388: from=<brook@vista>, size=364, class=0, nrcpts=1, msgid=<201505021336.t42DaiZa000383@vista>, proto=ESMTP, daemon=MTA-v4, relay=localhost [127.0.0.1]
May  2 21:36:44 vista sendmail[383]: t42DaiZa000383: to=<rene3210@gmail.com>, ctladdr=brook@vista (1000/1000), delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=relay, pri=30085, relay=[127.0.0.1] [127.0.0.1], dsn=2.0.0, stat=Sent (t42DaiNp000388 Message accepted for delivery)
May  2 21:36:45 vista sm-mta[390]: t42DaiNp000388: to=<rene3210@gmail.com>, ctladdr=<brook@vista> (1000/1000), delay=00:00:01, xdelay=00:00:01, mailer=relay, pri=120364, relay=[1.1.1.3] [1.1.1.3], dsn=2.0.0, stat=Sent (<201505021336.t42DaiZa000383@vista> [InternalId=109168394] Queued mail for delivery)



關於FEATURE(stickyhost)的說明
Beginning with V8.7 sendmail, addresses with and without a host part that resolve to local delivery are handled in the same way. For example, user and user@local.host are both looked up with the User Database (userdb on page 942) and processed by the localaddr rule set 5 (The localaddr Rule Set 5 on page 700). This processing can result in those addresses being forwarded to other machines.

user               ← not sticky
user@local.host    ← sticky


如果該Smart Host想要開放給其他Mail Server做relay用,請在/etc/mail/access做設定,如我要開放給jpr-Version-M4610這台機器做relay用,設定畫面如下。
接著執行
# makemap -v hash /etc/mail/access.db < /etc/mail/access
# /etc/init.d/sendmail restart


    參考資料:
  1. SMART_HOST, http://www.codemud.net/~thinker/GinGin_CGI.py/show_id_doc/237
  2. https://www.dnsexit.com/support/mailrelay/sendmail.html





熱門文章